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Table 1 Pathophysiological mechanisms of dyspnea in COPD.

From: Descriptors of dyspnea in obstructive lung diseases

• Dynamic lung hyperinflation

• Increased ventilatory demand relative to impaired capacity

• Hypoxemia

• Hypercapnia

• Neuromechanical dissociation

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Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine

ISSN: 2049-6958

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