Table 1 Causes of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children and adults

➣ Idiopathic pulmonary capillaritis

➣ Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

➣ ANCA associated vasculitis

➣ Acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage of infancy

   ○ Wegener’s granulomatosis,

➣ Heiner’s syndrome

   ○ Microscopic polyangiitis,

➣ Asphyxiation/abuse

   ○ Churg-Strauss syndrome

➣ Cardiovascular causes

➣ Goodpasture’s syndrome

   ○ Pulmonary vein atresia/stenosis

➣ Systemic lupus erythematosus

   ○ Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

➣ Henoch-Schönleinpurpura

   ○ Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

➣ Behçet’s disease

   ○ Mitral stenosis

➣ Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis

   ○ Left-sided heart failure

➣ Juvenile idiopathic arthritis/Rheumatoid arthritis

   ○ Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis

➣ Polymyositis

   ○ Pulmonary telangiectasia

➣ Mixed connective tissue disease

➣ Neoplasm/hamartomatous

➣ Primary or Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome

   ○ Angiosarcoma

   ○ Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

   ○ Tuberous sclerosis

Severe coagulopathy

Inhalational toxins

   ○ Trimetallic anhydride

   ○ Crack cocaine

Drug Induced pulmonary haemorrhage