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Table 2 Predictors of proper inhalation achieving: results of univariate and multivariate linear regressions on patients characteristics and tested devices

From: Dry-powder inhalers in patients with persistent airflow limitation: usability and preference

Attempts before achieving the first proper inhalation (N)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

delta (95 % C.I.)

p

delta (95 % C.I.)

p

 Age a

0.08 (0.05─0.10)

< 0.0001

0.07 (0.05─0.09)

< 0.0001

 Sex (female)

−0.03 (-0.18─0.12)

NS

  

 Disease (COPD vs asthma)

0.36 (0.21─0.51)

< 0.0001

  

 Previous experience with DPI

0.14 (-0.02─0.30)

NS

  

 Previous instructed to DPI

0.12 (-0.04─0.28)

NS

  

 Device (Breezhaler vs Genuair)

1.01 (0.84─1.18)

< 0.0001

1.00 (0.84─1.16)

< 0.0001

 Device (Handihaler vs Genuair)

0.91 (0.73─1.10)

< 0.0001

0.87 (0.69─1.05)

< 0.0001

Successful rate at the first attempt (%)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR (95 % C.I.)

p

OR (95 % C.I.)

p

 Age a

0.85 (0.81─0.89)

< 0.0001

0.84 (0.80─0.88)

< 0.0001

 Sex (female)

0.96 (0.71─1.3)

NS

  

 Disease (COPD vs asthma)

0.43 (0.31─0.58)

<0.0001

  

 Previous experience with DPI

0.59 (0.43─0.81)

< 0.001

0.64 (0.45─0.92)

< 0.05

 Previous instructed to DPI

0.64 (0.47─0.88)

< 0.01

  

 Device (Breezhaler vs Genuair)

0.17 (0.12─0.25)

< 0.0001

0.15 (0.10─0.22)

< 0.0001

 Device (Handihaler vs Genuair)

0.19 (0.12─0.29)

< 0.0001

0.17 (0.11─0.27)

< 0.0001

Total time required for the first proper inhalationb (min)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

delta (95 % C.I.)

p

delta (95 % C.I.)

p

 Age a

0.24 (0.14─0.33)

< 0.0001

0.25 (0.18─0.32)

< 0.0001

 Sex (female)

−0.29 (-0.99─0.40)

NS

  

 Disease (COPD vs asthma)

1.12 (0.42─1.81)

<0.005

  

 Previous experience with DPI

0.26 (-0.47─0.99)

NS

  

 Previous instructed to DPI

0.17 (-0.55─0.88)

NS

  

 Device (Breezhaler vs Genuair)

7.76 (7.15─8.37)

< 0.0001

7.74 (7.15─8.33)

< 0.0001

 Device (Handihaler vs Genuair)

2.45 (1.78─3.12)

< 0.0001

2.30 (1.65─2.95)

< 0.0001

  1. DPI dry powder inhaler, NS not significant
  2. aEvery 5-years increment
  3. bincluding patient time and nurse demonstration