Table 1 Factors associated with increased risk of poor asthma control in adults and the pediatric population
From: The evidence on tiotropium bromide in asthma: from the rationale to the bedside
Determinants for poor control | Pediatric | Adults |
|---|---|---|
Clinical and functional | ||
 Exacerbations in the previous year (previous 12 months) | X | X |
 Hospitalizations in the previous year (previous 12 months) | X | X |
 Respiratory infections (previous 12 months) | X | |
 Oral corticosteroid use (previous 12 months) | X | X |
 SABA prescriptions (1x200 dose canister/month) | X | |
 Healthcare utilization | X | X |
 Poor lung function | X | |
 Sputum or blood eosinophilia | X | |
 Variability of asthma control | X | X |
 ACQ-7 < 15 | X | X |
Demographic | ||
 Female |  | X |
 Age (40 to 64 years old) |  | X |
Comorbidities | ||
 GERD |  | X |
 Obesity | X | X |
 Overweight | X | |
 Low birth weight | X | |
 OSA-sleep disordered breathing | X | X |
 Allergic rhinitis | X | X |
 Congestive heart failure | X | |
 Drug exposure | X | |
Psychological | ||
 Anxiety and depression |  | X |
 Misperception of disease | X | X |
 Low expectations | X | |
 Poor knowledge of disease | X | X |
 Parent related severity of disease | X | |
Patient-independent | ||
 Doctor-related attitudes |  | X |
Patient-dependent | ||
 Weight gain |  | X |
 Low adherence |  | X |
 Poor inhaler technique |  | X |
 Active and past smoking |  | X |
 Passive smoking | X | |