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Table 4 Comparison of the current study with data on COPD cohorts from the literature

From: Case-finding for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in Kazakh patients with COPD

Phenotype Studies

(n = number of patients)

Normal phenotype

Alpha-1-antitrypsin mutation Phenotypes

Inclusion criteria

PiMM n %

PiMZ n %

PiMS n %

PiSS n %

PiSZ n %

PiZZ n %

Other phenotypes n %

Mittman et al. 1974 [43]

(n = 240)

USA

194

80,8%

20

8,4%

17

7,1%

1

0,4%

2

0,8%

6

2,5%

0

0%

Chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema

Cox et al. 1976 [44]

(n = 163)

USA

139

85,3%

8

4,9%

7

4,3%

0

0%

0

0%

8

4,9%

1

0,6%

COPD and aged over 18 years

Liebermann et al. 1986 [45]

(n = 965)

USA

not indicated

74

7,7%

86

8,9%

3

0,3%

3

0,3%

18

1,9%

not indicated

COPD

Sitkauskiene et al. 2008 [46] (n = 1167)

Lithuania

not indicated

40

3,4%

39

3,3%

1

0,1%

3

0,3%

8

0,7%

0

0%

COPD according to GOLD

Sabri Denden et al. 2008 [47]

(n = 120)

Tunisia

114

95%

1

0.83%

0

0%

0

0%

0

0%

0

0%

5

4,2%

COPD according to GOLD

Molina et al. [36] 2009

(n = 596)

Spain

487

81,7%

16

2,7%

80

13,4%

10

1,7%

1

0,2%

2

0,3%

0

0%

COPD according to GOLD

Novak T et al. 2011, [48] (n = 105)

Germany

94

89,5%

4

3,8%

6

5,7%

0

0%

0

0%

1

1,0%

0

0%

COPD according to GOLD

Sydykova S. et al. 2008 [49]

Kirgizstan

(n = 125)

139

97,2%

3

2,1%

0

0%

0

0%

0

0%

1

0,7%

0

0%

COPD according to GOLD

Rahaghi et al. 2012 [50] (n = 3152)

USA

2780

88,2%

124

3,9%

225

7,1%

9

0,28%

10

0,32%

10

0,32%

0

0%

Case-finding in GOLD II-IV sent for Spirometry excluded previously tested patients

This study

(n = 187)

Kazakhstan

181

96.8

3

1,6%

1

0,5%

0

0%

0

0%

0

0%

2

1,1%

COPD according to GOLD