| |
Experimental group (EG; n = 19)
|
Control group (CG; n = 19)
|
|---|
|
Variables
|
Baseline
|
Post - treatment
|
Wilcoxon Test z, p
|
Baseline
|
Post - treatment
|
Wilcoxon Test z, p
|
|---|
|
Psychological states
|
|
STAI-Y1b (Mean +/− SD)
|
33.68 (6.48)
|
26.05 (5.04)
|
z = − 3771 p = 0.000*
|
36.68 (10.26)
|
31.26 (7.43)
|
z = − 3010 p = 0.001*
|
|
PANASb (Mean +/− SD)
|
|
Positive
|
2926 (0.24)
|
3.17 (0.36)
|
z = − 2581 p = 0.005*
|
3.05 (0.46)
|
3.01 (0.38)
|
z = − 0.88 p = 0.465
|
|
Negative
|
1395 (0.48)
|
1.12 (0.26)
|
z = − 3127 p = 0.001*
|
1.45 (0.43)
|
1.12 (0.20)
|
z = − 3186 p = 0.000*
|
|
VASb (Mean +/-SD)
|
20.53 (5.07)
|
19.79 (3.76)
|
z = − 0.284 p = 0.388
|
20.68 (5.45)
|
17.68 (3.95)
|
z = − 2605 p = 0.004*
|
|
Psychological traits
|
|
STAI-Y2b (Mean+/− SD)
|
36.63 (11.96)
| | |
39 (11.04)
| | |
|
Pulmonary functions and physiological data
|
|
FEV1b (Mean +/-SD)
|
1.35 (0.74)
|
1.39 (0.75)
|
z = − 0.735 p = 0.231
|
1.24 (0.51)
|
1.26 (0.47)
|
z = − 1702 p = 0.044*
|
|
FVCb (Mean +/-SD)
|
2143 (0.94)
|
1.97 (0.93)
|
z = − 2378 p = 0.008*
|
2.27 (0.89)
|
2.38 (0.81)
|
z = − 2335 p = 0.010*
|
|
ROCCb, kPa/l/s (Mean +/-SD)
|
0.34 (0.14)
|
0.40 (0.19)
|
z = − 1851 p = 0.032*
|
0.30 (0.12)
|
0.30 (0.15)
|
z = − 0.362 p = 0.358
|
|
vSpO2b (Mean +/-SD)
|
91.63 (3.18)
|
93.84 (2.73)
|
z = − 2672 p = 0.004*
|
95.58 (2.79)
|
94 (2.62)
|
z = − 1327 p = 0.092
|
|
HRb (Mean+/-SD)
|
69.32 (8.80)
|
65.47 (7.87)
|
z = − 3576 p = 0.000*
|
73.95 (11.47)
|
73.05 (11.75)
|
z = − 1776 p = 0.038*
|
- aData are presented as Mean+/-Standard Deviation (SD) and number, percentage (n, %)
- bSTAI-Y1 State Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Form, PANAS Positive and Negative Affective Schedule-State Form, VAS Visual Analogue Scale, FSS-2 Short Flow State Scale 2, STAI-Y2 State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Form, FEV1 Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second, FVC Forced Vital Capacity, ROCC, kPa/l/s Measurement of airway resistance, SpO2 Oxygen saturation, HR Heart Rate
