Table 1 General and clinical characteristic of the COPD patients

Sex: male, n (%)

12 (48%)

Ethnicity: white, n (%)

20 (80%)

Age (years)^a

64.40 ± 7.66

BMI (Kg/m²)^a

24.76 ± 4.45

FEV₁ (% predicted)

33.80 ± 14.84

FEV₁/FVC (% predicted)

61.48 ± 19.22

 Moderate, n (%)

4 (16%)

 Severe, n (%)

9 (36%)

 Very Severe, n (%)

12 (48%)

Smoking Status

1/21/3

 Never, n (%)

1 (4%)

 Former, n (%)

21 (84%)

 Current, n (%)

3 (12%)

 Current smokers

175 (35–525)

 Former smokers

350 (35–1225)