Table 14 Bronchodilators for the treatment of COPD
Class | Drug | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
Long-acting anticholinergics (LAMAs) | Tiotropium | Length of action 24 hours |
Glycopyrronium | Length of action 24 hours | |
Aclidinium | Length of action 12 hours | |
Long-acting beta-2-agonists (LABAs) | Formoterol | Length of action 12 hours |
Salmeterol | Length of action 12 hours | |
Indacaterol | Length of action 24 hours | |
Fixed inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/ LABA combinations | Salmeterol + fluticasone | Length of action 12 hours |
Formoterol + budesonide | Length of action 12 hours | |
Formoterol + fluticasone | Length of action 12 hours | |
Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors | Roflumilast | Oral - Length of action 24 hours |
Other bronchodilator drugs | ||
Short-acting beta-2-agonists (SABAs) | Salbutamol, terbutaline, fenoterol | Rapid onsetof action. Length of action 4-6 hours |
Short-acting anticholinergics(SABAs) | Ipratropium and oxitropium bromide | Rapid onset but slower than SABAs. |
Length of action 6-8 hours | ||
Methylxanthines | Slow-release oral theophylline | |